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      <title-group><article-title>Église ou secte ? Reconnaître l&apos;abus spirituel et en sortir</article-title></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><string-name>Au Cœur du Silence</string-name></contrib></contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic"><year>2026</year></pub-date>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://ntilia.com/u/silence/fr/eglise-ou-secte-reconnaitre-l-abus-spirituel-et-en-sortir"/>
      
      <abstract><p>Église ou secte : comment le savoir quand on fréquente une assemblée indépendante, dirigée par un apôtre ou un prophète autoproclamé, ou consacré par un « père spirituel », sans rattachement à une union d&apos;Églises reconnue ? À partir d&apos;une littérature académique évaluée par les pairs, de textes officiels français et belges et de documents d&apos;Églises, cet article croise trois approches. La sociologie montre que le mot « secte » ne tranche rien et que le risque tient à une autorité charismatique sans contre-pouvoir (Weber, Chaves, Christerson et Flory). L&apos;anthropologie des Églises de la diaspora africaine en Europe montre comment l&apos;isolement institutionnel et la précarité migratoire rendent la sortie coûteuse, sans que l&apos;origine des fidèles soit en cause (Mottier, Maskens, Demart, Garbin). La psychologie de l&apos;abus spirituel décrit des mécanismes observables de contrôle et de coercition (Oakley et Kinmond, Ward, Rodríguez-Carballeira, Saldaña). L&apos;auteur écrit depuis une perspective protestante évangélique déclarée. Il relit les textes bibliques sur l&apos;autorité (1 Tm 3 ; Tt 1 ; 1 P 5 ; Mt 20 et 23 ; 3 Jn ; Ez 34 ; Ac 17,11 ; 1 Jn 4,1) et les confessions de la Réforme. Il examine des cas publics récents en distinguant faits reconnus et allégations. Il propose enfin une grille de 24 questions sourcées et des pistes concrètes pour en parler, vérifier, se faire aider et partir. Sa conclusion : aucun signe isolé ne suffit ; c&apos;est le faisceau d&apos;indices qui compte, et la Bible ne protège pas un pouvoir qui refuse d&apos;être examiné.</p></abstract>
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